Compare and Contrast Marxist and Weberian Theories of...

Q: Compare and Contrast Marxist and Weberian Theories of Stratification. The purpose of this essay is to compare, contrast and critically evaluate Marxist and Weberian theories of stratification. To do this effectively this essay must explain and consider the main features, claims and perspectives of both Karl Marx and Max Weber. O’Donnell (1992) defines social stratification as â€Å"the division of a society or group into hierarchically ordered layers. Members of each layer are considered broadly equal but there is inequality between the layers.† Functionalist Durkheim (1858-1917) argued that the reason for the existence of stratification was because it was functional or beneficial to the order of society. According to Browne et al (2009),†¦show more content†¦According to Haralambos et al (2004), Marx’s theory began with the view that it was crucial for humans to produce food and materials in order to survive, and to do so it was necessary to enter into relationships with other people. Fulcher et al (2007) suggested that Marx saw societies as social systems that were divided up into two specific parts, these were suggested by Marx to be the base and the superstructure. The base provided the mode of production and the superstructure provided stability through certain social institutions such as the legal and political systems. Marx also argued that the material conditions created contributed to the shape of society, he referred to such conditions as ideologies. According to O’Donnell (1992) Marx suggested that such societies could have only ensured material survival through the exploitation of the propertyless and by using sophisticated means of organised product ion. Therefore people first must be able to eat and maintain adequate clothing and shelter before they engaged in influential sociological activities such as politics and literature. Individuals were not able to access essential elements such as shelter unless they were able to engage in paid employment through a particular mode ofShow MoreRelatedCompare and Contrast the Marxist and Weberian Theories of Social Class. Why Do You Think Marx Emphasises Relations of Production in the Formation of Classes Whilst Weber Suggests the Market and Consumption Are the Important Factors?1750 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast the Marxist and Weberian theories of social class. Why do you think Marx emphasises relations of production in the formation of classes whilst Weber suggests the market and consumption are the important factors? All human societies have been class based in some way, shape or form and, interpreting this in the most basic way, it can be said that in every known human society there has been a fundamental division between two broad social groups, the buorgeoisie that own and controlRead MoreSocial Stratification According to Marx and Weber1163 Words   |  5 PagesSocial stratification is the hierarchical arrangement of individuals into divisions of power and wealth within a society. Social stratification relates to the socio-economic concept of class, consisting of the upper class, middle class, and lower class. Each class may be further subdivided into smaller classes through the main indicator is occupation. This is the most practical and most effective means of encompassing the wide variety of economic and social elements that go to make up a person’sRead MoreThe Upperclass4643 Words   |  19 Pagesacquire by any means other than being born into it. Overclass is a recent and pejorative term for the most powerful group in a social hierarchy. Users of the term generally imply excessive and unjust privilege and exploitation of the rest of society. Compare the older term, upper class, which nowadays is sometimes also pejorative, but is not necessarily so, and historically was rarely so. Perhaps the most commonly agreed-upon overclass consists of the legal leaders of a culture, i.e., those who exercise

Legal Business Studyguide Free Essays

Legal 2 Test 2 Studyguide Sole Proprietorships the simplest form of business organization. Sole proprietorships are the most common form of business organization in the US. Major advantages: * Forming a sole proprietorship is easy and does not cost a lot. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Business Studyguide or any similar topic only for you Order Now * The owner has the right to make all management decisions concerning the business, including those involving hiring and firing employees. * The sole proprietor owns all of the business and has the right to receive all of the business’s profits. A sole proprietorship can be easily transferred or sold if and when the owner desires to do so; no other approval (such as from partners or shareholders) is necessary. Disadvantages: * The sole proprietor’s access to the capital is limited to personal funds plus any loans he or she can obtain * The sole proprietor is legally responsible for the business’s contracts and the torts he or she or any of his or her employees commit in the course of employment. Creating a sole proprietorship is easy. There are no formalities, and no federal or state government approval is required. A sole proprietor bears the risk of loss of the business. In addition, the sole proprietor has unlimited personal liability. Therefore, creditors may recover claims against the business from the sole proprietor’s personal assets (e. g. , home, automobile, bank accounts). A sole proprietorship is not a separate legal entity, so it does not pay taxes at the business level. Instead, the earnings and losses from a sole proprietorship are reported on the sole proprietor’s personal income tax filing. A sole proprietorship business earns income and pays expenses during the course of operating the business. A sole proprietor has to file tax returns and pay taxes to state and federal governments. For federal income tax purposes, a sole proprietor must prepare a personal income tax Form 1040 U. S. Individual Income Tax Return and report the income or loss from the sole proprietorship on his or her personal income tax form. The income or loss from the sole proprietorship is reported on Schedule C (Profit or Loss from Business), which must be attached to the taxpayer’s Form 1040. Vernon v. Schuster The father dies and the son takes over the sole proprietorship. Vernon had a warranty while the father was alive, and he warranty was broken because the product had failed so he wanted money from the son who took over the job. The court ruled that the son had formed a new sole proprietorship and was not liable for his father’s warranty. Partnerships a voluntary association of two or more persons for carrying on a business as co-owners for profit. Partners are personally liable for t he debts and obligations of the partnership. Formation four criteria to qualify as a general partnership: * As association of two or more persons * Carrying on a business * As co-owners * For profit An agreement to share losses of a business is strong evidence of a general partnership. It is compelling evidence of the existence of a general partnership if a person is given the right to share in profits, losses, and management of a business. A limited partnership agreement may specify how profits and losses from the limited partnership are to be allocated among the general and limited partners. General partnerships do not pay deferral income taxes. Instead, the income and losses of partnership flow onto and have to be reported on the individual partners’ personal income tax returns. This is called â€Å"flow-through† taxation. A new partner in a general partnership takes on all of the liabilities and responsibilities that the original partners have. Zuckerman v. Antenucci A woman’s child was born with severe physical problems. During her pregnancy, she was treated by Dr. Pena and Dr. Antenucci. She brought a medical malpractice suit against both doctors. The jury (trial court) found that Pena was guilty of medical malpractice but Antenucci was not. The Supreme Court found both doctors to be dually liable. Limited Partnerships a type of partnership that has two types of partners: (1) general partners and (2) limited partners. Two types of partners: * General partners partners in a limited partnership who invest capital, manage the business, and are personally liable or partnership debts. * Limited partners partners in a limited partnership who invest capital but do not participate in management and are not personally liable for partnership debts beyond their capital contributions. Once a limited partnership has been formed, a new limited partner can be added only upon the written consent of all partners, unless the limited partnership agreement provides otherwise. New general partners can be admitted only with the specific written consent of each partner. Uniform Partnership Act In 1914, the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws promulgated the UPA. The UPA codifies general partnership law. Its goal was to establish consistent partnership law that was uniform throughout the US and has been adopted by 48 states. Fictitious names A general partnership must file a fictitious business name statement –d. b. a. (doing business as) –with the appropriate government agency to operate under a trade name. Kemmier Memorial Foundation v. Mitchell Davis and Mitchell formed a general partnership to purchase and operate rental properties for investment purposes. They entered into an agreement that provided that only Davis, and not Mitchell, would be personally liable on the note to the Foundation. They did not inform the Foundation of this agreement. They defaulted on a note, so the Foundation sued the partnership and both partners to recover on the note. The Supreme Court of Ohio held that both partners were jointly liable on the note. Corporations the most dominant form of business organization in the US, generating over 85 percent of the country’s gross business receipts. Owners of corporations are called shareholders. Incorporation select a state, select a corporate name, incorporators, pre-incorporation contracts, articles of incorporation, purpose of a corporation, registered agent (often attorneys), corporate bylaws, corporate seal, organizational meeting of the board of directors. Purpose of a Corporation: * General-purpose clause allows the corporation to engage in any activity permitted by law * Limited-purpose clause stipulates the specific purposes and activities that the corporation can engage in. Shareholders have only limited liability. They are liable only to the extent of their capital contributions and do not have personal liability for the corporation’s debts and obligations. Nature of the corporation: * Separate â€Å"legal entity† for most purposes * Limited liability of shareholders * Free transferability of shares * Perpetual existence * Centralized management * Double taxation Nonprofit Corporation formed for charitable, educational, religious, or scientific purposes. Although nonprofit corporations may make a profit, they are prohibited by law from distributing this profit to their members, directors, or officers. The Model Nonprofit Corporation Act, which governs the formation, operation, and termination of nonprofit corporations. Professional Corporation a corporation formed by lawyer, doctors, or other professionals. Promoter a person or persons who organize and start a corporation, negotiate and enter into contracts in advance of its formation, find the initial investors to finance the corporation, and so forth. Registered Agents a person or corporation that is empoyered to accept service of process on behalf of a corporation. Incorporator the person or persons, partnerships, or corporations that are responsible for incorporation of a corporation. Bylaws a detailed set of rules adopted by the board of directors after a corporation is incorporated that contains provisions for managing the business and the affairs of the corporation. Organizational Meeting a meeting that must be held by the initial directors of a corporation after the articles of incorporation are filled. Articles of Incorporation the basic governing document of a corporation. It must be drafted and filed with, and approved by, the state before the corporation can be officially incorporated. Must include: * The name of the corporation * The number of share the corporation is authorized to issue * The address of the corporation’s initial registered office and the name of the initial registered agent. * The name and address of each incorporator Debt securities securities that establish a debtor-creditor relationship in which the corporation borrows money from the investor to whom a debt security is issued. Notice of a Shareholders’ Meeting A corporation is required to give the shareholders written notice of the place, day, and time of annual and special meetings. For a special meeting, the purpose of the meeting must also be stated. Only matters stated in the notice of a shareholders’ meeting can be considered at the meeting. Special Shareholders’ Meetings Meetings of shareholders that may be called to consider and vote on important or emergency issues, such as a proposed merger or amending the articles of incorporation. Proxy a shareholder’s authorizing of another person to vote the shareholder’s shares at the shareholders’ meetings in the event of the shareholder’s absence. Quorum required number of individuals that must be represented for voting, meetings, etc. Record Dates a date specified in corporate bylaws that determines whether a shareholder may vote at a shareholders’ meeting. Cumulative Voting a system in which a shareholder can accumulate all of his or her votes and vote them all for one candidate or split them among several candidates. Straight Voting a system in which each shareholder votes the number of shares he or she owns on candidates for each of the positions open; also called noncumulative voting. Supramajority Voting Requirement a requirement that a greater than majority of shares constitutes a quorum of the vote of the shareholders. Voting Trust an arrangement in which the shareholders transfer their stock certificates to a trustee who is empowered to vote the shares. Voting Agreement an agreement between two or more shareholders that stipulates how they will vote their shares. Right of First Refusal an agreement that requires a selling shareholder to offer his or her shares for sale to the other parties to the agreement before selling them to anyone else. Preemption rights that give existing shareholders the option of subscribing to new shares being issued in proportion to their current ownership interests. Dividends a distribution of profits of the corporation to shareholders. Derivative Lawsuit a lawsuit a shareholder brings against an offending party on behalf of a corporation when the corporation fails to bring the lawsuit. It’s also called a derivative action. Management of a Corporation * Shareholders Owners of the corporation. They vote on the directors and other major actions to be taken by the corporation. * Board of Directors Elected by the shareholders. Directors are responsible for making policy decisions and employing the major officers for the corporation. The board may initiate certain actions that require shareholders’ approval. * Officers Officers are responsible for the day-to-day operation of the corporation, including acting as agents for the corporation, hiring other officers and employees, and the like. Duty of Obedience a duty that directors and officers of a corporation have to act within the authority conferred upon them by state corporation codes, the articles of incorporation, the corporate bylaws, and the resolutions adopted by the board of directors. Fiduciary Duties the duties of obedience, care, and loyalty owed by directors and officers to their corporation and its shareholders. Duty of Care a duty of corporate directors and officers to use care and diligence when acting on behalf of the corporation. Duty of Loyalty a duty that directors and officers have not to act adversely to the interests of the corporation and to subordinate their personal interests to those of the corporation and its shareholders. Proxy Contest a contest in which opposing factions of shareholders and managers solicit proxies from other shareholders; the side that receives the greatest number of votes wins the proxy contest. Merger a situation in which one corporation is absorbed into another corporation and ceases to exist. They become a similar corporation. If it is a consolidation, the two companies form into a completely different corporation. Appraisal Rights the rights of shareholders who object to a proposed merger, share exchange, or sale or lease of all or substantially all of the property of a corporation to have their shares valued by the court and receive cash payment of this value from the corporation. Proxy Statement a document that fully describes (1) the matter for which a proxy is being solicited, (2) who is soliciting the proxy, and (3) any other pertinent information. Share Exchange a situation in which one corporation acquires all the shares of another corporation and both corporations retain their separate legal existence. Tender Offer an offer that an acquirer makes directly to a target corporation’s shareholders in an effort to acquire the target corporation. The shareholders each make an individual decision about whether to sell their shares to the tender offeror. Such offers are often referred to as hostile tender offers. Short-form Merger a merger between a parent corporation and a subsidiary corporation that does not require the approval of the shareholders of either corporation or the approval of the board of directors of the subsidiary corporations. Williams Act an amendment to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 made in 1968 that specifically regulates tender offers. Severance for Executives after retiring or being removed from a company, they’re given a package. â€Å"Golden parachute† Section 14(a) a provision of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that gives the SEC the authority to regulate the solicitation of proxies. Antitakeover Statutes statutes enacted by a state legislature that protect against the hostile takeover of corporations incorporated in or doing business in the state. Poison Pills defensive strategies that are built into the target corporation’s articles of incorporation, corporate bylaws, or contracts and leases. These tactics make the target corporation more expensive to the tender offeror. White Knight Merger mergers with friendly parties—that is, parties that promise to leave the target corporation and/or its management intact. Greenmail the purchase by a target corporation of its stock from an actual or perceived tender offeror at a premium. How to cite Legal Business Studyguide, Essay examples

Christmas Vignette free essay sample

I stood in the parking lot waiting for my mother tounlock the car door. I had wrestled with a question all day, and though I triedto think of other things, I could not put it out of my head. Is there really aSanta Claus? I had just had the most horrible day of my fourth-gradecareer. My classmates and I were ecstatic about the approaching Christmasvacation, and energy was abundant as we worked on our holiday projects. While Iwas studying the masterpiece I planned to give my parents, I heard the mostterrible sentence. The words rang in my ears: There is no SantaClaus! I was stunned and hurt; I did not understand how it waspossible. Those words stayed with me all day. The more I thought about thepossibility of Santa Claus not existing, the more likely it seemed. But, I triedto rationalize the situation. There was no way Santa did not exist, since many ofmy presents were signed by him. We will write a custom essay sample on Christmas Vignette or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The milk and cookies were always eaten onChristmas morning, and even the unwashed carrot my brothers and I left forRudolph was gone. But I thought about time travel, and then I knew no matterhow much I wanted it not to be true that Santa did not exist. Why wouldmy parents lie to me? For all ten years of my life I had believed in Santa Claus.I was devastated to think my parents would fabricate such a wonderful story andnever consider how awful discovering the truth would be. It was all a lie theletters I sent each year, the cookies, the reindeer footprints, even my giftswere all just part of a fantasy. I knew I would never be able to recapture thejoy of waking up Christmas morning to find Santa had been there. Iwaited as my mother fumbled with her keys. The cold wind whipped around my body,but I was numb. I could not wait any longer. I blurted out, Mom, is therereally a Santa Claus? Her stunned expression confirmed what I had dreaded.It was true Santa Claus did not exist. I waited through an explanation as mymom carefully chose her words, but I did not hear what she said. I began to cry,then noticed she was crying too. We both knew I had lost something veryspecial. I do not remember the ride home, everything was a blur.My head was spinning with thoughts and emotions. I went to my room, hurt anddisappointed. I wanted to be alone. I know she told Dad about ourconversation, because he came to talk to me. To my surprise he said, Istill believe in Santa. I did not understand. My father, a grown-up, didnot know the truth? I thought, Oh no, Mom is going to have to tell him too! But Iwas wrong. Santa Claus is not a real person, but he is the spirit ofChristmas, and if you truly believe in your heart, then he does exist, mydad told me. I thought about it and decided my dad was right. I wouldalways believe in Santa Claus because I never wanted to lose the magic ofChristmas. That day, my definition of Santa Claus changed. I knew my parentscrept downstairs every Christmas Eve and placed presents under the tree. I knewmy dad ate the milk and cookies, even the carrot left for the reindeer. Iunderstood why my moms handwriting looked so much like Santas. The mystery oftime travel and entrances through chimneys had been solved. I no longer thoughtof Santa as a person who delivered presents to boys and girls, but as agift-giver who shared the gift of joy and hope with those who believed. Igrew up a little that day. I lost a special part of my childhood, but I alsogained the knowledge that faith is something strong inside me.

Up the Down Staircase Review Essay Example

Up the Down Staircase Review Paper Essay on Up the Down Staircase I was lucky enough one day a couple of weeks like the American senior public school, I remember now, as it was not possible with my clumsy English (however clumsily her he somehow was even closer to the US), which means to write off, and how astray (building on our standards, more like the size of the institutes) were on some back stairs, stumbled upon the kissing couple and a man who with the English just was okay greeted them with a loud Excuse me! It struck course schedule, which was not the weekly and daily, for why people too much? Six subjects, one of which the exercise, the other a sinecure navrode Russian. And test, test, test And lets say the number of missed each lesson and how many of them due to illness already happened in Russia count as the percentage of the quality and other exceedingly useful statistics. A voluntary-compulsory excursion or the alignment of the entire school by line of the arrival of the top leadership, which has forgotten to inform that his plans h ad changed. Running the name of the native educational agencies, not the worst among other things, a madhouse. Etc., etc., etc. As in this routine, the paper hectic, overcrowded classes is not lost to the teacher? Frankly to me it is a mystery. Probably should really be calling for life and nothing else. At Kaufman turned on one side and about the American school, a lot of the characteristics of, and on the other and about the school in general. Themes and wonderful happened. I can only agree to the view that teachers should read. I think parents and does not hurt, let alone the fact that it is necessary to read the students decide to let the teacher in order to read helped move up the ladder. We will write a custom essay sample on Up the Down Staircase Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Up the Down Staircase Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Up the Down Staircase Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Up the Down Staircase Review Essay Example Up the Down Staircase Review Paper Essay on Up the Down Staircase This remarkable book published in this country in the year I was born, began to read for only one reason: her granddaughter wrote one of the most beloved writer Sholom Aleichem. I did not regret that picked up this funny, truthful book, consisting of letters, school administration orders, announcements. These documents reflected his short life is completely different people . Detained for violation of the rules of me, walked up the stairs leading down to the comment and replied audacity. This circular and prompted Bel Kaufman on the idea to write a book about the school, a young teacher who could wait for a brilliant academic future of its students, who are lucky enough to learn from this Master of Education in the United States, in which the order of no more than our own. This book is about how hard it is sometimes to understand each others teachers and pupils, especially in the mass school, lessons of kindness that will never go in vain. Children almost always sincere to the teacher ( Such Moore I and the dog did not give to read! says one of the students of Miss Barrett on the Odyssey), it feels false and does not forgive her ( Some people just are not tailored to be teachers too. old and nervous. ). But they all meet even the tiniest of attending to him ( I will never forget one of the sixth grade of elementary school. She drilled us, and sometimes its great fell, but despite this her character, a strange thing happened at the end of semester: we all surrounded him and kissed her ) We will write a custom essay sample on Up the Down Staircase Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Up the Down Staircase Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Up the Down Staircase Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Read this book and you realize that the real teacher will always remain with their students, no matter what the prospects were waiting for him in the scientific field.. Still, we, the teachers, the most rewarding profession! P.S. The book is preceded by a great introductory article written by Bel Kaufman itself. Of her most memorable funny translation of the name works into different languages: Swedish, it sounds Hi, girl! In Finnish Top of the bathing ladder in Italian Up the slope, in one of the pirated editions upside down the stairs. So write after that.

one flew essays

one flew essays Chief Bromden, the half-Indian narrator of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, has been a patient in an Oregon psychiatric hospital for fifteen years. During this time, he has pretended to be deaf and dumb. When he was a child, three government officials came to see his father about buying the tribe's land so they could build a hydroelectric dam. Bromden, ten years old at the time, was home alone. When he tried to speak to them, they acted as if he weren't there, sowing the seeds for his withdrawal into himself. Bromden's white mother joined forces with some of the members of the tribe to pressure Bromden's father to sell the land. Bromden, like his father, is a big man who came to feel small and helpless. In the hospital, Bromden and several other male mental patients are under the domination of Nurse Ratched, a former army nurse who rules her ward with an iron hand. Like Bromden's mother, Ratched is a castrating female with a keen skill in making men ineffectual and weak. She uses subtle manipulation to keep the more docile patients under control. During the daily group meetings, she encourages the patients to attack each other in their weakest places. With the more rebellious patients, she resorts to electro-shock treatment and lobotomies to maintain her tyrannical control over the ward. When Randle McMurphy arrives as a transfer from the Pendleton Work Camp, Bromden senses that something is different about this new patient. McMurphy waltzes into the ward and introduces himself to every patient as a gambling man with a zest for women and cards. After his first experience with the excruciating routine of the Group Meeting, McMurphy tells the patients that Nurse Ratched is a genuine "ball-cutter." The other patients tell him that there is no defying Nurse Ratched, because, in their eyes, she is an all-powerful force. True to his nature as a gambling man, McMurphy makes a bet with the other patients that he can make Ratched lose h ...

Boundary Violations and Non pliance and Confidentiality

The boundary violation that we discussed in our group was concerning the mental health patients and the reactions of doctors. Boundary violations are disruptions of the expected and accepted social, physical, and psychological boundaries that separate physicians from patient (Falender and Shafranske, 2004). There is a therapeutic nexus between a doctor and a patient is emanating from the purpose of the therapy and whenever there is deviation from the basic goal of treatment, it is referred as boundary violation. Another boundary violation that we discussed involved the exploitation of the patient. Have you witnessed mental health nurses engaging in any of these? Occasionally mental nurses don’t respect the dignity of the patients, the trust created, often called the notion of trust or good faith is not asserted by the nurses (McAuliffe, 2005). The nurses go forth revealing the status of the sick persons to third parties without their consents. Difference between a boundary crossing and boundary violation? Explain. A boundary crossing is an aberration from classical therapeutic action that is non-exploitative, and possibly in-line with the therapy itself. Alternatively, the infringement of the boundary is destructive or hypothetically harmful, to the patient. It amounts to mistreatment of the patient. Equally, boundary infringement can originate from the patient or the therapist (Baca, 2011) Do you see any connection between this issue and the issue of Trauma Informed Care? There is a connection between boundary violations and trauma informed care. Trauma informed care approach is aimed at engaging persons who have previous records of trauma and make them recognize presence of trauma signs and appreciate the role the role played in their lives. The two are connected in the sense that they both deal with social, physical and mental aspects. Through these aspects, the munity can act caringly and take steps to ensure wellness (Elliott, at al.2005). Baca, M., 2011. Professional boundaries and dual relationships in clinical practice. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 7(3), pp.195-200. Elliott, D.E., Bjelajac, P., Fallot, R.D., Markoff, L.S. and Reed, B.G., 2005. Trauma?informed or trauma?denied: principles and implementation of trauma?informed services for women. Journal of munity Psychology, 33(4), pp.461-477. Falender, C.A. and Shafranske, E.P., 2004. Clinical supervision: A petency-based approach. McAuliffe, D., 2005. Putting ethics on the organisational agenda: The social work ethics audit on trial. Australian Social Work, 58(4), pp.357-369.

News conference case studies Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

News conference studies - Case Study Example Additionally, the company has a long-term perspective of its investments. It focuses its resources and efforts towards the creation of value through superior performance and growth. This background of Najafi Companies motivated Chef Paula Deen to seek the firm’s assistance in her comeback. Her former employee faced Chef Paula Deen with a number of challenges following the allegations. As a result, she lost her cooking show and lucrative endorsement deals. Additionally, she was forced to close down her restaurant. In the process of exploring her future, and position in the industry, Chef Deen identified Najafi Companies as an important investment partner. Chef Deen intends to build on Najafi Companies strong brand presence and heritage as part of her transformation (Najafi Companies 1). Therefore, Chef Paula Deen and Najafi Companies would like to announce their partnership and the launch of Deen’s debut cooking show, product launch and book deals. The essence of the new partnership is based on mutual partnership. Najafi Companies has invested $75 million in the new Paula Deen Ventures. The venture will be responsible for the debut of new cooking shows, product and book deals. The essence of the new partnership captures the nature of Paula Deen as a resilient person. It also outlines the nature of Najafi Companies as a company that is willing to invest in struggling groups, people, entities and businesses (Najafi Companies 1). Therefore, Paula Deen’s customers, business partners and audiences should expect a positive experience from the new venture. The new venture is a milestone for Paula Deen. Today’s announcement is a renewal of Deen’s promise to her audience and customers. Paula Deen intends to focus all her efforts and resources towards the satisfaction of her customers. The partnership between Paula Deen and Najafi Companies is three fold. First, customers will have an easier time to

Choices for Capital Structure for Firms Undergoing Merger Essay

Choices for Capital Structure for Firms Undergoing Merger - Essay Example The essay "Choices for Capital Structure for Firms Undergoing Merger" discusses the importance given to the propositions made by Modigliani and Miller when there are instances, such as mergers and acquisitions between two companies, which require raising new capital or reshuffling the existing capital structure. The understanding of the propositions presented by Modigliani and Miller reveals that there are four different outcomes which resulted from continuous research conducted in the late 50s and early 60s. At the beginning, Modigliani and Miller presented the first proposition which established that in the presence of certain conditions the choice of the capital structure of a firm, which comprises of proportions of debt and equity, does not have any impact on the overall value of that firm. The next proposition, which is the second one, puts forward the idea that the extent to which a firm leverages its business does not affect the WACC (weighted average cost of capital) of that firm. In other words, this idea proposed that the cost of capital, i.e. the equity based capital, is directly related to a linear function to the capital structure of the firm, i.e. the debt to equity ratio. The third theorem or proposition established that whatever may be the dividend policy of a firm, the market value is not affected by it. Lastly, the fourth proposition holds that the shareholders of a firm are not interested in the financial policies of their firm. Therefore, think of the firm as a gigantic tub of whole milk... The understanding of the propositions presented by Modigliani and Miller (1958) reveals that there are four different outcomes which resulted from continuous research conducted in late 50s and early 60s (Modigliani and Miller 1958, Modigliani and Miller 1963). At the beginning, Modigliani and Miller (1958) presented the first proposition which established that in the presence of certain conditions the choice of the capital structure of a firm, which comprises of proportions of debt and equity, does not have any impact on the overall value of that firm (Villamil 2006, Modigliani and Miller 1958). The next proposition, which is the second one, puts forward the idea that the extent to which a firm leverages its business does not affect the WACC (weighted average cost of capital) of that firm. In other words, this idea proposed that the cost of capital, i.e. the equity based capital, is directly related in a linear function to the capital structure of the firm, i.e. the debt to equity ra tio. The third theorem or proposition established that whatever may be the dividend policy of a firm, the market value is not affected by it. Lastly, the fourth proposition holds that the shareholders of a firm are not interested in the financial policies of their firm (Villamil 2006, Modigliani and Miller 1958). In order to explain the concepts underlying the propositions, Miller (1991) presented a simple example for the purpose of explaining the same. As per Miller (1991), â€Å"Think of the firm as a gigantic tub of whole milk. The farmer can sell the whole milk as it is. Or he can separate out the cream, and sell it at a considerably higher price than the

Responsibilities of a team leader Essay Example for Free

Responsibilities of a team leader Essay Four responsibilities of a team leader in our organization: 1. Food alert files (Health and Safety, Food and Safety). First of all, to make sure that all work environment is safe for employees and customers. Second, to check if all departments are providing good Food alert standards set by government at work place. As well, to make sure that all legally required documents would be up to date. 2. Communication. All team leaders constantly need to be in good communicational skills, if you want to run successful business. Everyday you have to communicate with Head office as well as other restaurants, to know what’s happening in all company, using phones or e-mails. And don’t forget to pass important news for team members. Inside the house, usually, Managers team is communicating though the LogBook, and with team members during briefing times before sifts. 3. Motivation is the driving force, which help courses us to achieve goals. Leaders using motivation will satisfy individual needs and team will have inspiration to complete the tasks. It’s very important point in running business. Depending on how motivated teams are, it may further determine the effort they put into their work and therefore increase the standard of the output. 4. Presenting good example and standards or the company. Team Leader always needs to be as example how to act at work, and that other team members would be able to take some experience. If everyone will represent good company standards and will look after the customers well, they will not only think well of the team but also of the company in general. Two examples of the problems you would need to refer to someone with more authority: 1. Racism. It is illegal to discriminate against anyone of the grounds of their race. If it would happen in work place, management team needs to investigate. Just GM or Head office member has authority to take action on  such a complaint. 2. Reconstruction. Every business has yearly budgets, if someone wants to reconstruct the building outside or inside it has to be approved by GM. Feedback on own performance Collected feedback to identify one of my strengths as a team leader and one area for improvement: †¢ Strength – Organized team supporter. Always supporting team and showing organizational skills. †¢ Area for improvement: rudeness, toughness. Sometimes, choosing wrong way of speaking + plus very demanding on the things to be done. Establishing trust One thing to describe what you can do to establish and maintain trust within the team you lead: Respect for others. One of the most important points to work on. If it will be trust and understanding in the team, there will be respect and good atmosphere for work, witch will course business to run smooth. To maintain trust you have to work on couple of following points: †¢ Time- set aside time to be with these people, work with them, talk with them and even play with them. In the end you will gradually start to realize that there personality or point of view arent that hard to get along with after all. †¢ Patience The truth is that the best people, the smartest people and the most successful people take a good long look at other people and express empathy and selflessness towards the people they associate with. †¢ Listening- always to have time to listen for the others, to step aside and to take a look at their opinion. Maybe some examples can be even better then yours. †¢ Laughing- it’s one of the important points, to build the team, not just to be a working robots. With the laugh in the teamwork will run perfectly, plus good relaxed atmosphere. †¢ Honesty- if you will be honest with them, they will be the same with you.

Assisted Suicide Essay -- Euthanasia Physician Assisted Suicide

Assisted Suicide I examine the ways in which our cultural expectations with respect to death may be transformed by the legalization of assisted suicide. I suggest the inadequacy of the philosophical framework currently taken as the basis for discussing the advantages as well as the dangers of legalizing assisted suicide. I do not believe that individual autonomy is any sort of possibility for dying patients, regardless of the social policies that surround death in a society, insofar as our individual agency in this situation is necessarily intertwined with that of various relevant others. By means of a theory of agency relations, I attempt to show the dynamic ways in which we may all adjust to the option of assisted suicide as a preferred end-of-life option. My theory of agency relations does not deny individual choice; rather it explains the qualitative complexity of individual choice, as well as its dynamic social process of evolving. "What is the tie between two instants that have between them the whole interval, the whole abyss, that separates the present and death, this margin at once both insignificant and infinite, where there is always room enough for hope?" (1) "Is death possible? Can I die? Can I say 'I can' with respect to death? Can I?" (2) I. Comprehending Death: The Limits of Philosophy We philosophers are always trying to get a grip on death, and always failing. Anthropologists and social historians are likely to do better than philosophers in their efforts to characterize death, insofar as they can investigate the many faces of death in different cultural contexts: death in battle may be heroic; death in youth may be tragic; death in old age benign. In different times and different cultures death me... ...pp.14-15. As anthropologists, the Kleinmans find shifts in the American cultural rhetoric of illness which correspond with Hochschild's findings as to the devaluation of traditional domestic duties of women. Our cultural rhetoric, the Kleinmans remark, "is changing from the language of caring to the language of efficiency and cost; it is not surprising to hear patients themselves use this rhetoric to describe their problems. Thereby, the illness experience, for some, may be transformed from a consequential moral experience into a merely technical inexpediency." (14) See Robert Kastenbaum, "Suicide as the Preferred Way of Death," in Edwin S. Shneidman, ed., Suicidology: Contemporary Developments (New York: Grune & Stratton, 1976), pp.425-441, for a much earlier analysis predicting that our society would readily embrace suicide as a desirable way of dying.

Development of renewable energy sources Essay

Unlike solar energy, wind power grown faster the last couple years and is today the environmentalists preferred alternative energy source (Bradley 1). Paul Brown writes, Sebastian Seidel 3 â€Å"Electricity production [in the U. K. ] from wind leapt by 31% last year, making it the fastest growing industry in the field of power generation† (1). Every year, the amount of electricity produced by wind power is increasing, especially in the USA, Germany, Denmark and Spain (Brown 1). The improvements made in wind power generators in the past years, has led to more efficient wind mills. James Flanigan describes, â€Å"[a] single windmill generator today is capable of doing the work of 10 windmills of the 1970s, when wind power experiments began† (2). He adds, â€Å"Wind generation can deliverer electricity at 3 cents to 6 cents a kilowatt-hour† (2). This is a lot less than the average electricity price paid in the U. S. today. But although wind power seems to be the ideal energy source, environmental activist who were promoting alternative energy in the past now have doubts about wind power. Robert L. Bradley reasons in his article, that â€Å"[w]ind blades have killed thousand of birds in the U. S.and abroad in the last decade, including endangered species† (2). Like any human made construction, wind blades are a threat to birds, but so is any electricity line. The Altamont Pass wind-power plant in California is a good example of a misplaced wind power facility. Hardly any research about the animal environment was done when the windmills were set up. But even if one project has a bad impact on the environment and wildlife, wind power has still countless good aspects (Bradley 2). Therefore Hal Harvey, president of the Energy Foundation, declares, â€Å"[w]e’ve found the holy grail: wind is now cheaper than any fossil fuel-based. Sebastian Seidel 4 power source† (qtd. in Linden 1). Hydro-Power means making electricity from water power. In his article, Stuart Baird declares, â€Å"Hydro-Power is currently the world’s largest renewable source of electricity, accounting for 6% of worldwide energy supply or about 15% of the world’s electricity†(1). It has been known to be one of the cleanest ways to produce energy, because it does not produce any exhaust fumes or waste of any kind. As Baird adds, â€Å"hydro-power is better than burning coal, oil or natural gas to produce electricity, as it does not contribute to global warming or acid rain† (2). Another benefit is that it helps to control water, for example with dams. But hydropower dams also have negative environmental impacts, such as blocking fish movements and decreasing water quality. Another disadvantage of this technique is â€Å"the flooding and destruction of entire ecosystems† (Baird 2) and the â€Å"increase of bacteria in the water due to decaying vegetation, which can be harmful to the fishes and to those who eat them† (Baird 4). Like solar- and wind-power, Hydro-Power has many good as well as a few bad aspects. The problems mentioned above result from unplanned, bad managed and oversized hydro-power systems. But, if a dam is well sited, well operated and kept reasonable in size, these environmental impacts can be reduced though not eliminated. Renewable energy has many good as well as many bad aspects. Today most of the electricity comes from coal-, gas- and nuclear-plants. Still, the percentage of electricity made with renewable energy is growing every year. Canada for example adds â€Å"60%† of Sebastian Seidel 5 energy made by hydro-plants to the national grid (Baird 1) and Denmark satisfies 18% of electrical demand with electricity produced wind-power (Brown 1). Within the few next years, due to technical improvements and cheaper production methods, the percentage of renewable energy added to western countries demand will rapidly grow. But lots of research has to be done until then to limit the negative impacts on the environment. Sebastian Seidel 6 Baird, Stuart â€Å"Hydro-Electric Power. † Energy Educators of Ontario 1993. 15 Jan. 2002. Bradley, Robert L. â€Å"Dirty Secrets of Renewable Energy. † USA Today Magazine May 1998. 14 Jan. 2002 Brown, Paul â€Å"Wind power use grows by 30%. † The Guardian 10 Jan. 2002. 17 Jan. 2002. Flanigan, James â€Å"Getting serious about Earth-Friendly Energy. † Los Angeles Times June 2001. 21 Jan. 2002. Greenwald, John â€Å"Energy: Here comes the sun. † Time 18 Sep. 1993. 15 Jan. 2002. Kozloff, Keith Lee. â€Å"Rethinking development assistance for renewable electricity sources. † Environment Nov. 1995. 15 Jan. 2002. Linden, Eugene â€Å"Selling the Sun†¦ and the Wind Renewable energy has come of age-but it’s mostly foreign companies that are making money on it. † Time 16 July 2001. 15 Jan. 2002.

Advancing Technology

Maintaining the Role of Technology Technology has been and will forever be advancing. It plays an important role in everyone's life, and can be found anywhere. Whether it's a six year old child playing with an IPhone, or an 80 year old lady reading a book on her kindle. There is Just no hiding from it. But with the advancement of technology, is society advancing with it, or Just becoming robots? To succeed in not being taken over by technology people must be true to themselves, set limits, and detach from it. Now a days, almost everyone has some sort of social media network.It could be a Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, etc. That is what makes the internet such a dangerous place. While on the computer anyone could put anything as themself. They could make fake profiles or give false information about themselves, and the only person who would know is them. Someone could be talking to who they believe is a cute 20 year old girl, who they want to meet up with and date, but in reality it co uld be a 30 year old trucker playing a Joke. It is easy for people to hide behind a computer screen and that is why they do it so often. A prime example of this can be found from the T. V show â€Å"Catfish. What happens in the show is, two people end up talking to each other nline; they start talking for a while, and then they fall in love without ever seeing each other. Then the hosts of the show go to one of the people and help them meet the â€Å"love of their life. † But out of the 24 aired episodes, only two people have actually been who they really said they were. But there are many more people who aren't being who they really say they are. So while using technology people should be who they really are, and Just because they can hide behind a computer screen, they should still be true to themselves. Hiding from technology is not an easy task.Some people actually need technology or important things, so they can't Just throw it away. So instead of shutting out technolog y completely, people should Just set limits for themselves. The limit is up to them; either hardly using technology and Just going outside and enjoying the great outdoors, or cutting back to a certain amount of hours they use it. When setting these limits, take into account the time that you really need it. For instance, for work, checking important e-mails, or even school. People should cut back and use it when they actually need to, instead of using it all of the time when they have nothing better to do.Using technology for entertainment is alright, Just try to cut back and set limits so that it isn't over used. Just because someone doesn't check their Facebook every minute, or stare at their phone while their Twitter news feed goes crazy doesn't leave you out of the loop. And that is the key to not being taken over. A big problem that people get is that they feel that they must constantly check their things so they don't miss something important. The problem is that they are miss ing out on what is happening right now and not focusing on the current. They could be driving and get an urge that they'll miss a party invite, so they must check.Or if they are at a family get together and they are bored, they will Just go on Facebook and think that, that is a better way to spend their time, but they actually shouldn't be using their phone, and instead making the best of should detach from technology and the virtual world. No matter the age, no matter the gender, everyone uses technology. It helps people get through their everyday lives. It could be used for business or Just entertainment, but no matter what the reason is people should always look out to not be used by technology. To do so they should remember to be true to themselves, set limits, and to detach from technology.

Y2k Millennium Bug essays

Y2k Millennium Bug essays The Millennial sun will first rise over human civilization in the independent republic of Kiribati, a group of some thirty low lying coral islands in the Pacific Ocean that straddle the equator and the International Date Line, halfway between Hawaii and Australia. This long awaited sunrise marks the dawn of the year 2000, and quite possibly, the onset of unheralded disruptions in life as we know it in many parts of the globe. Kiribatis 81,000 Micronesians may observe nothing different about this dawn; they only received TV in 1989. However, for those who live in a world that relies on satellites, air, rail and ground transportation, manufacturing plants, electricity, heat, telephones, or TV, when the calendar clicks from 99 to 00, we will experience a true millennial shift. As the sun moves westward on January 1, 2000, as the date shifts silently within millions of computerized systems, we will begin to experience our computer-dependent world in an entirely new way. We will finally see the extent of the networked and interdependent processes we have created. At the stroke of midnight, the new millennium heralds the greatest challenge to modern society that we have yet to face as a planetary community. I am describing the year 2000 problem, known as Y2K (K signifying 1000.) Nicknamed at first "The Millennial Bug," increasing sensitivity to the magnitude of the impending crisis has escalated it to "The Millennial Bomb." The problem begins as a simple technical error. Large mainframe computers more than ten years old were not programmed to handle a four digit year. Sitting here now, on the threshold of the year 2000, it seems incomprehensible that computer programmers and microchip designers didn't plan for it. But when these billions of lines of computer code were being written, computer memory was very expensive. Remember when a computer only had 16 kilobytes of RAM? To save storage space, most programmers al...

Littleton Manufacturing Case Study group paper Term

Littleton Manufacturing Case Study group - Term Paper Example These transformations alongside growing rivalry in the market had crucial impact on Littleton manufacturing via Brooks industries declining financial performance. In order to articulate the issue, the management of Littleton manufacturing was worried with articulating the underlying challenges that affected the corporation. The corporation after a series of boardroom talks reached a decision that was aimed at computing a human resources process improvement team-PIT, to underline the issues and second a curative course of action (Whiteside, 1994). Problems identified and their symptoms Grievances at distinct levels of the corporations firm surfaced over the concern of bad institutional communication at the company. With this as a manifestation of the institutional bottlenecks at the corporation, the management of the company sought help from students at an adjacent institution to examine the institutional communication at Littleton. The PIT panel gathered the outcome from the students and carried out an in-house scrutiny that established six essential problem areas that the corporation was to deal with. The first problem established was the deficiency of institutional concord at Littleton. The evident deficiency of institutional concord was perceived through the anxiety displayed by the employee who held to the fact that the production side got ignored over the newer ingredients side. The components side had newer technology and machines whilst the production side had obsolete and redundant machines that needed regular servicing even they never got replaced. The employees also cited the strict working environment in the production side of the firm in contrast to the ingredients side. The employees perceived the management of the components side as overly strict where that of the components side seems elastic and at ease. The employees cited the fact that the two sides of the firm seemed to have distinct management techniques (Whiteside, 1994). The second problem was pitiable view of the monitor’s duty. All levels of the plant got worried about the duty of the supervisors. The directors felt tangential, underappreciated and overworked. The directors had an incredible amount of paperwork, and this restricted the amount of time they had to cover up their levels. This, they supposed, amounted to laxity amid various employees who understood when the directors would come to the level to monitor them. The directors felt nonessential when it came to decision making. They supposed they just got from their seniors when it came to the process of decision making and got criticized when such decisions failed to deliver their expectations. The controllers were as well on morale because of the little support and resources they received from the senior managers. They supposed the senior directors never would support then if they embarked on their own decisions (Whiteside, 1994). The deficiency of uniformity in the enforcement of policies and measur es inside the distinct sides of the plant also got mentioned as a problem at Littleton. Grievances came up from the employees about the disparities inside the department and sides at the firm when imposing policies and measures. Proof of this occurred when the employees protested that various managers in the components side offered longer breaks in contrast to other managers in other departments. In the

Contemporary Issues In Business And Management Essay

Contemporary Issues In Business And Management - Essay Example A global industry can be described as an industry where all firms are competing within the global market in order to sustain and grow. A global strategy is driven by various factors. These can be cost drivers, competitive drivers, customer drivers and government drivers (Sakarya, Eckman and Hyllegard, 2006). We live in a global economy where the time required to cross continents has reduced to a bare minimum. With the help of advantage technologies, it is now possible to initiate conversations within no time. Because of these changes, there has been a shift in the business practices of organisations and more and more organisations are adopting a global strategy for growth and sustainable development (Aharoni and Ramamurti, 2011). A global strategy is the plan of an organisation to compete in these new realities of global markets. For example, in food manufacturing, organisations like Nestle, Cadbury and Kellogg’s have created marketing networks and global distribution based on marketing of their leading brands that are well recognised globally. Key aspects of a global strategy include: The global market should be treated as the domestic market. Establishment of a global marketing mix, differentiating between the national and regional differences such as language, culture and taste. Creating a global distribution and production system, for example establishing factories globally manufacturing goods for respective local regions (Vrontis, Thrassou, and Lamprianou, 2009). Concentrating on the most successful and most recognised products and brands. Since the global market is huge, a substantial amount of profit can be achieved by using economies of scale in terms of production, distribution and marketing. Rather than producing a large number of products, it will be more fruitful to manufacture those products and services which are well recognised and accepted by the customers round the world. Importance of Global Strategy The importance of global strategy ca n be understood from the flowing perspectives: Perspective of a Company With the international expansion, opportunity increases in terms of new sales and higher revenues. Sometimes, it might also happen that the profitability in the home country has reduced due to various unavoidable conditions. In such cases, revenues from the international market prove to be a saviour. At times which are turbulent, they might become the saviour in terms of profit. For example, poor growth and low profits in the domestic market in China were one of the main reasons that forced the Chinese company, TCL, to formulate a strategy with the aim of international growth and expansion. It has continued this global expansion strategy with new factories, new offices overseas and acquisitions with the aim of developing the positioning of its market particularly in the two markets for electronics goods, the European Union and the USA. Apart from opportunities such as new sales and profit expansion, global strat egies can take place because of various other reasons. Oil companies, for example, look for expansion with the objective of securing their resources, a strategy which can also be termed as resource seeking (Bellin and Pham, 2007). Industries such as clothing look for global expansion with th